1、查看内核版本
cat /proc/version
uname -a
uname -r

Linux version 5.0.0-32-generic (buildd@lgw01-amd64-015) (gcc version 7.4.0 (Ubuntu 7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1)) #34~18.04.2-Ubuntu SMP Thu Oct 10 10:36:02 UTC 2019
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ uname -r
5.0.0-32-generic
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ uname -a
Linux zhihui-mint 5.0.0-32-generic #34~18.04.2-Ubuntu SMP Thu Oct 10 10:36:02 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

2、查看linux版本信息
lsb_release -a
cat /etc/issue

No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:	LinuxMint
Description:	Linux Mint 19.3 Tricia
Release:	19.3
Codename:	tricia
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ cat /etc/issue
Linux Mint 19.3 Tricia \n \l

3、查看linux是64为还是32位
getconf LONG_BIT
file /bin/ls

64
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ file /bin/ls
/bin/ls: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, BuildID[sha1]=9567f9a28e66f4d7ec4baf31cfbf68d0410f0ae6, stripped
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ 

4、直接查看系统的架构
dpkg --print-architecture
arch
file /lib/systemd/systemd

amd64
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ 
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ arch
x86_64
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ 
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$ file /lib/systemd/systemd
/lib/systemd/systemd: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, BuildID[sha1]=85c772a89c42ba78383dec576b414b2b953cbe41, stripped
(base) shl@zhihui-mint:~$